245 lines
11 KiB
Matlab
245 lines
11 KiB
Matlab
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% This file is part of the hoverboard-new-firmware-hack project
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% Compared to previouse commutation method, this project implements
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% FOC (Field Oriented Control) for BLDC motors with Hall sensors.
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% The new control methods offers superior performanace
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% compared to previous method featuring:
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% >> reduced noise and vibrations
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% >> smooth torque output
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% >> improved motor efficiency -> lower energy consumption
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%
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% Author: Emanuel FERU
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% Copyright © 2019 Emanuel FERU <aerdronix@gmail.com>
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%
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% This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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% the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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% (at your option) any later version.
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%
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% This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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% GNU General Public License for more details.
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%
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% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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% along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Clear workspace
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close all
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clear
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clc
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% Load model parameters
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load BLDCmotorControl_data;
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Ts = 5e-6; % [s] Model sampling time (200 kHz)
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Ts_ctrl = 6e-5; % [s] Controller sampling time (~16 kHz)
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f_ctrl = 16e3; % [Hz] Controller frequency = 1/Ts_ctrl (16 kHz)
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% Ts_ctrl = 12e-5; % [s] Controller sampling time (~8 kHz)
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% Motor parameters
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n_polePairs = 15; % [-] Number of pole pairs
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a_elecPeriod = 360; % [deg] Electrical angle period
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a_elecAngle = 60; % [deg] Electrical angle between two Hall sensor changing events
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a_mechAngle = a_elecAngle / n_polePairs; % [deg] Mechanical angle
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r_whl = 6.5 * 2.54 * 1e-2 / 2; % [m] Wheel radius. Diameter = 6.5 inch (1 inch = 2.54 cm): Speed[kph] = rpm*(pi/30)*r_whl*3.6
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i_sca = 50; % [-] [not tunable] Scalling factor A to int16 (50 = 1/0.02)
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%% Control Manager
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% Control type selection
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CTRL_COM = 0; % [-] Commutation Control
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CTRL_FOC = 1; % [-] Field Oriented Control (FOC)
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z_ctrlTypSel = 1; % [-] Control Type Selection
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% Control model request
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OPEN_MODE = 0; % [-] Open mode
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VLT_MODE = 1; % [-] Voltage mode
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SPD_MODE = 2; % [-] Speed mode
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TRQ_MODE = 3; % [-] Torque mode
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z_ctrlModReq = 1; % [-] Control Mode Request
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%% F01_Estimations
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% Position Estimation Parameters
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% Hall = 4*hA + 2*hB + hC
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% Hall = [0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
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vec_hallToPos = [0 2 0 1 4 3 5 0]; % [-] Mapping Hall signal to position
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% Speed Calculation Parameters
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cf_speedCoef = round(f_ctrl * a_mechAngle * (pi/180) * (30/pi)); % [-] Speed calculation coefficient (factors are due to conversions rpm <-> rad/s)
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z_maxCntRst = 2000; % [-] Maximum counter value for reset (works also as time-out to detect standing still)
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n_commDeacvHi = 30; % [rpm] Commutation method deactivation speed high
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n_commAcvLo = 15; % [rpm] Commutation method activation speed low
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dz_cntTrnsDetHi = 40; % [-] Counter gradient High for transient behavior detection (used for speed estimation)
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dz_cntTrnsDetLo = 20; % [-] Counter gradient Low for steady state detection (used for speed estimation)
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n_stdStillDet = 3; % [rpm] Speed threshold for Stand still detection
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cf_currFilt = 0.02; % [%] Current filter coefficient [0, 1]. Lower values mean softer filter
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cf_speedFilt = 0.20; % [%] Speed filter coefficient [0, 1]. Lower values mean softer filter
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%% F02_Diagnostics
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b_diagEna = 1; % [-] Diagnostics enable flag: 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled
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t_errQual = 0.8 * f_ctrl; % [s] Error qualification time
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t_errDequal = 2 * f_ctrl; % [s] Error dequalification time
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i_errThres = 40 * i_sca; % [A] Maximum current threshold for phase current error detection
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%% F04_Field_Oriented_Control
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b_FfwdEna = 1; % [-] Feedforward enable flag: 0 = Disabled, 1 = Enabled
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mot_Lq = 0; % [uH] Motor Q axis inductance
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mot_Ld = 0; % [uH] Motor D axis inductance
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mot_lambda = 0; % [mWb] Motor flux linkage
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b_selPhaABCurrMeas = 1; % [-] Measured phase currents selection: {iA,iB} = 1; {iB,iC} = 0
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i_thresOutlier = 200; % [-] Threshold for outlier detection in the current measurement
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b_DCLinkCurrAvail = 0; % [-] Flag for DC Link current measurement availability
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dV_openRate = 1000 * Ts_ctrl; % [V/s] Rate for voltage cut-off in Open Mode (Sample Time included in the rate)
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% Field Weakening
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b_fieldWeakEna = 0; % [-] Field weakening enable parameter: 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
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% id_fieldWeak_M1 = [ 0 0 0.25 0.5 1 2 3 4 4.5 4.8 5 5] * i_sca; % [-] Field weakening current map
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% n_fieldWeak_XA = [200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750]; % [rpm] Motor speed grid
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id_fieldWeak_M1 = [ 0 0 0.05 0.25 1 2 3 4 4.5 4.8 5 5] * i_sca; % [-] Field weakening current map
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n_fieldWeak_XA = [400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620]; % [rpm] Motor speed grid
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% figure
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% plot(n_fieldWeak_XA, id_fieldWeak_M1, '.-'); hold on
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% grid
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% Sine wave look-up table
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res_elecAngle = 2;
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a_elecAngle_XA = 0:res_elecAngle:360; % [deg] Electrical angle grid
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r_sin_M1 = sin((a_elecAngle_XA + 30)*(pi/180)); % Note: 30 deg shift is to allign it with the Hall sensors position
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r_cos_M1 = cos((a_elecAngle_XA + 30)*(pi/180));
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% figure
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% stairs(a_elecAngle_XA, r_sin_M1); hold on
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% stairs(a_elecAngle_XA, r_cos_M1);
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% legend('sin','cos');
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% Voltage Limitations
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V_margin = 100; % [-] Voltage margin to make sure that there is a sufficiently wide pulse for a good phase current measurement
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Vd_max = 1000 - V_margin;
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Vq_max_XA = 0:20:Vd_max;
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Vq_max_M1 = sqrt(Vd_max^2 - Vq_max_XA.^2); % Circle limitations look-up table
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% figure
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% stairs(Vq_max_XA, Vq_max_M1); legend('V_{max}');
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% Current Limitations
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iq_KpLimProt = 4; % [-] Current limit protection gain
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iq_KiLimProt = 3 * Ts_ctrl; % [-] Current limit protection integral gain (only used in SPEED_MODE)
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i_max = 15; % [A] Maximum allowed motor current (continuous)
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i_max = i_max * i_sca;
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iq_max_XA = 0:15:i_max;
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iq_max_M1 = sqrt(i_max^2 - iq_max_XA.^2); % Circle limitations look-up table
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% figure
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% stairs(iq_max_XA, iq_max_M1); legend('i_{max}');
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% Speed limitations
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n_KpLimProt = 5; % [-] Speed limit protection gain
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n_max = 800; % [rpm] Maximum motor speed
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% PI control gains
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n_Kp = 1;%5;
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n_Ki = 10 * Ts_ctrl;%50 * Ts_ctrl; % Ts_ctrl embedded in Ki to avoid one multipilication in the controller
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n_Kb = 1000 * Ts_ctrl;
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iq_Kp = 0.5;
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iq_Ki = 100 * Ts_ctrl;
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iq_Kb = 1000 * Ts_ctrl;
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id_Kp = 0.5;
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id_Ki = 80 * Ts_ctrl;
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id_Kb = 1000 * Ts_ctrl;
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%% F05_Control_Type_Management
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% Commutation method
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z_commutMap_M1 = [-1 -1 0 1 1 0; % Phase A
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1 0 -1 -1 0 1; % Phase B
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0 1 1 0 -1 -1]; % Phase C [-] Commutation method map
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% ***********************************************************************************
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disp('---- BLDC_controller: Initialization OK ----');
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%% Plot control methods
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show_fig = 0;
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sca_factor = 1000; % [-] scalling factor (to avoid truncation approximations on integer data type)
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% Trapezoidal method
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a_trapElecAngle_XA = [0 60 120 180 240 300 360]; % [deg] Electrical angle grid
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r_trapPhaA_M1 = sca_factor*[ 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1];
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r_trapPhaB_M1 = sca_factor*[-1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1];
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r_trapPhaC_M1 = sca_factor*[ 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1];
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% Sinusoidal method
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a_sinElecAngle_XA = 0:10:360;
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omega = a_sinElecAngle_XA*(pi/180);
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pha_adv = 30; % [deg] Phase advance to mach commands with the Hall position
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r_sinPhaA_M1 = -sca_factor*sin(omega + pha_adv*(pi/180));
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r_sinPhaB_M1 = -sca_factor*sin(omega - 120*(pi/180) + pha_adv*(pi/180));
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r_sinPhaC_M1 = -sca_factor*sin(omega + 120*(pi/180) + pha_adv*(pi/180));
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% SVM (Space Vector Modulation) calculation
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SVM_vec = [r_sinPhaA_M1; r_sinPhaB_M1; r_sinPhaC_M1];
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SVM_min = min(SVM_vec);
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SVM_max = max(SVM_vec);
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SVM_sum = SVM_min + SVM_max;
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SVM_vec = SVM_vec - 0.5*SVM_sum;
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SVM_vec = (2/sqrt(3))*SVM_vec;
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if show_fig
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hall_A = [0 0 0 1 1 1 1] + 4;
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hall_B = [1 1 0 0 0 1 1] + 2;
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hall_C = [0 1 1 1 0 0 0];
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color = ['m' 'g' 'b'];
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lw = 1.5;
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figure
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s1 = subplot(221); hold on
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_A, color(1), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_B, color(2), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_C, color(3), 'Linewidth', lw);
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xticks(a_trapElecAngle_XA);
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grid
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yticks(0:5);
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yticklabels({'0','1','0','1','0','1'});
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title('Hall sensors');
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legend('Phase A','Phase B','Phase C','Location','NorthEast');
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s2 = subplot(222); hold on
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_A, color(1), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_B, color(2), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, hall_C, color(3), 'Linewidth', lw);
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xticks(a_trapElecAngle_XA);
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grid
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yticks(0:5);
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yticklabels({'0','1','0','1','0','1'});
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title('Hall sensors');
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legend('Phase A','Phase B','Phase C','Location','NorthEast');
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s3 = subplot(223); hold on
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, sca_factor*[z_commutMap_M1(1,:) z_commutMap_M1(1,1)] + 6000, color(1), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, sca_factor*[z_commutMap_M1(2,:) z_commutMap_M1(2,1)] + 3000, color(2), 'Linewidth', lw);
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stairs(a_trapElecAngle_XA, sca_factor*[z_commutMap_M1(3,:) z_commutMap_M1(3,1)], color(3), 'Linewidth', lw);
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xticks(a_trapElecAngle_XA);
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yticks(-1000:1000:7000);
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yticklabels({'-1000','0','1000','-1000','0','1000','-1000','0','1000'});
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ylim([-1000 7000]);
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grid
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title('Commutation method [0]');
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xlabel('Electrical angle [deg]');
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s4 = subplot(224); hold on
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plot(a_sinElecAngle_XA, SVM_vec(1,:), color(1), 'Linewidth', lw);
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plot(a_sinElecAngle_XA, SVM_vec(2,:), color(2), 'Linewidth', lw);
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plot(a_sinElecAngle_XA, SVM_vec(3,:), color(3), 'Linewidth', lw);
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xticks(a_trapElecAngle_XA);
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ylim([-1000 1000])
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grid
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title('FOC method [1]');
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xlabel('Electrical angle [deg]');
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linkaxes([s1 s2 s3 s4],'x');
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xlim([0 360]);
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end
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